Amazon Web Services
AWS is a branch of Amazon that provides Cloud Computing Services, Application programming interface (API), to individuals, companies, as well as to governments based on different subscriptions. These cloud computing platforms provide a variety of technical tools and technologies that save money and time of the users. One of these services is Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) which allows the users to have virtual computers that can be accessed any time through the internet.
Cloud EC2:
AWS built EC2, a virtual server that is simple to set up since AWS creates data centers, purchases servers, and installs them. These servers have a big quantity of computing capacity and are ready to use. You can use them anytime you need them by just requesting an EC2 instance, which will then be up and running, and you can also cease using them if you no longer require them. Your server consumption may fluctuate over time, and under EC2, you only pay for running instances. EC2 uses virtualization technologies to run on top of an AWS-managed physical computer. You are not using the full host computer when you start an EC2 instance. Rather, you're sharing the host with several other instances. The hypervisor operating on the host machine oversees sharing the virtual machine's underlying physical resources. This process is called multitenancy. AWS is in charge of the hypervisor that keeps the multitenancy running. Even when two EC2 instances are running on the same system, they are unaware of each other.
How to use Amazon EC2:
1. Launch the instance.
2. Select the basic confirmation of your instance (operating system, servers, or application).
3. Select the instance type like hardware configuration
4. Prepare the launch with specific security settings to control the network traffic come in and out of instance
5. Connect the instance
6. Your program and application have several ways to connect directly to the instance and exchange data
7. Users can connect to the instance by logging in and accessing the desktop
8. After connection you can run commands to install software, add storage, copy and organize files.
Global Infrastructure and Reliability:
AWS has built a worldwide infrastructure. According to AWS, having one massive data center with all of the resources isn't enough. Every application will fall down at the same moment if something happens to that data center, such as a power loss or natural disaster. AWS runs in a variety of different zones throughout the world called regions in order to prevent this. AWS creates regions based on the traffic demands of businesses. AWS offers multiple data centers inside each region that provide all of the compute, storage, and other resources you'll need to run your apps. AWS controls a high-speed fiber network that connects each area to the others. Each region is isolated from the others in the sense that no data enters or leaves your environment in that region unless you give express permission for that data to be moved.
Factors to be considered while selecting region:
1. Compliance with data governance and legal requirements
2. Proximity to your customers
3. Available services within a region
4. Pricing
AWS Tools and Services:
AWS Elastic Beanstalk: It is used to provide code and configure settings of the application. Elastic beanstalk provides tools to adjust capacity, load balancing, automatic scaling, application health monitoring.
AWS Cloud Formation: CloudFormation allows you to build an environment by writing code instead of using the AWS Management Console which individually provisions resources. AWS CloudFormation, in a nutshell, allows you to treat your infrastructure like code. This program eliminates the need for manual activities by automatically rolling back modifications if problems are detected and determining the correct procedures to do when managing your stack.
Networking in AWS: AWS uses Amazon virtual private cloud (VPC) to establish boundaries around your AWS resources. You can set up a virtual private cloud (VPC) in the AWS Cloud. You can define and launch resources, as well as organize them into subnets, in this isolated part. A subnet is a VPC sector that can contain resources like Amazon EC2 instances.
Different ways to connect to VPC:
1. Internal Gateway: You add an internet gateway to your VPC to allow public traffic from the internet to reach it.
2. Virtual Private Gateway: A virtual private gateway can be used to access private resources in a VPC. The virtual private gateway is the part of the VPC that permits secure internet traffic to enter. You'll need additional layers of protection, such as a virtual private network (VPN), which encrypts your traffic and shields it from other demands.
3. AWS Direct Connect: AWS direct connect is a service that lets you create a dedicated private connection between your data center and your VPC. AWS Direct Connect can help you save money on your network while also increasing the amount of bandwidth available.
Storage: The Storage Gateway is a hybrid storage service that allows your on-premises applications to seamlessly use AWS cloud storage. You can use the service for backup and archiving, disaster recovery, cloud data processing, storage tiering, and migration.
Block Level Storage: Databases and storage may be required to save your customers' data or for other data-related purposes. It is critical that you select the appropriate database and storage for your data types. AWS can assist you in creating the ideal data solution. AWS saves files using block level storage, in which a file is a sequence of bytes saved in blocks on a disc. When you change a file, the entire series of blocks isn't rewritten. Instead, it only updates the parts that have changed.
Different Types of Block Level Storage:
1. Instance Storage: It provides temporary block-level storage for an EC2 instance. Instance storage is a disc associated to the physical host computer for the EC2 instance. You can write to it just like a regular hard drive, but all data written to it will be destroyed if the EC2 instance is stopped.
2. Amazon Elastic Block Store: EBS is a service that allows you to use block-level storage volumes with Amazon EC2 instances. All data on the associated EBS volume remains available if you stop or terminate an Amazon EC2 instance. This block store also allows you to produce Amazon EBS snapshots.
Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3): Amazon S3 is the service where data is stored as objects in buckets and may be uploaded as photographs, text, videos, and other types of files. Although an object's maximum file size is 5 TB, Amazon S3 provides infinite storage capacity. You can use this service to store backup files, media files, and even archived papers.
Amazon Elastic File System (EFS): EFS is a managed file system that allows several instances to access the data in EFS at the same time. It is common for enterprises to have a shared file system across their applications. When you add or delete files, EFS expands and compresses automatically, and it's scalable up to petabytes without disrupting the application.
Amazon Relational Database Service: It is a Amazon service that allows you to run relational databases in the AWS Cloud. It helps to optimize for memory, performance, input/output (I/O). AWS supports different database engines like: Amazon Aurora, PostgreSQL, MySQL, MySQL, MariaDB, Oracle Database, SQL Server.
Security: AWS has a shared responsibility approach, which means that both AWS and you (the client) are responsible for security. The reason behind that is that your AWS environment is not a single object. It’s a collection of parts built on each other. AWS is in charge of some aspects of your environment, while you (the client) are in charge of others. This concept is known as shared responsibility model.
Client Responsibility in Cloud Security: Customers must manage security standards for all of their content, including data stored on AWS, services used, and who has access to it.
1. Company’s specific operational and security need
2. Complexity of the system.
3. Identify and access management
AWS Responsibility in Cloud Security: AWS is responsible for securing the global infrastructure that underpins all AWS cloud services. AWS is in charge of cloud security, particularly the physical infrastructure that houses your resources, which includes the following:
1. Physical security of data centers
2. Hardware and software infrastructure
3. Network infrastructure
4. Virtualization infrastructure
Steps to Deploy a Java Tomcat Application to AWS Cloud:
1. Go to the AWS homepage. Click on Services -> Compute -> Elastic Beanstalk. Now click on create a new application. Enter the name of the application and create a new environment for it.
2. Select Web Server Environment. Now in Base Configuration, Select Tomcat in the Preconfigured Platform. In the Application Code select the WAR file that we created in the previous step.
3. Click on Upload.
4. Uploading the WAR file will take a few minutes.
5. Once it is done you will see the following page.
6. Here you can see the URL.
7. Click on the URL and you will see a JSP with your text message in it.
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